Chapter 1 Crystalline Structures and Imperfections
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Classification of Materials
1.3 Structure of Atoms
1.4 Ideal Crystal, Space Lattice and Unit Cells
1.5 CrYstal Structures and Bravais Lattices
1.6 Cubic Unit Cells
1.7 Basic Crystalline Structures in Metals
1.8 Packing Factor
1.9 Directions and Planes in Crystalline Structures
1.9.1 Directions in Cubic Unit Cell
1.9.2 Miller Indices for Crystallographic Planes in Cubic Unit Cell
1.9.3 Linear Density and Planar Density in Crystalline Structures
1.10 Crystalline Imperfections
1.10.1 Point Defects
1.10.2 Linear Defects (Dislocations)
1.10.3 Planar Defects(Grain Boundaries)
1.10.4 Metallographic Examination
Problems

Chapter 2 Mechanical Properties of Metals
2.1 Introduction
2.2 Materials Relationship
2.3 Tensile Properties
2.3.1 Linear-Elastic Region and Elastic Constants
2.3.2 Yield Point
2.3.3 Ultimate Tensile Strength
2.3.4 Measures of Ductility (Elongation and Reduction
of Area)
2.4 Mechanism of Elastic and Plastic Deformation
2.4.1 Metallic Bond
2.4.2 Mechanism of Elastic Deformation
2.4.3 Mechanism of Plastic Deformation
2.5 Other Mechanical Properties
2.5.1 Compressiye Properties
2.5.2 Shear Properties
2.5.3 Impact Toughness
2.6 Work Hardening
2.6.1 Annealing of Work-hardened Materials
2.6.2 Hot Working and Cold Working
2.7 Hardness Test
2.7.1 Introduction
2.7.2 Brinell Hardness Test
2.7.3 Rockwell Hardness Test
2.7.4 Vickers Hardness Test
2.7.5 Scleroscope Hardness Tests
Problems

Chapter 3 Binary Phase Diagram
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Metallic Solid Solutions
3.2.1 Substitutional Solid Solutions
3.2.2 Interstitial Solid Solutions
3.3 Binary Isomorphous Alloy Systems
3.4 Construction of Phase Diagrams
3.4.1 Cooling Curve
3.4.2 Experimental Methods to Determine Phase Change Points
3.5 Solidification of Solid Solution Alloy
3.6 Binary Eutectic Alloy Systems
3.6.1 Slow Cooling of a Pb-Sn Alloy of Eutectic Composition
3.6.2 Slow Cooling of a 65% Pb-35% Sn Alloy
3.6.3 Slow Cooling of a 16% Pb-84% Sn Alloy
3.7 Binary Eutectoid Reactions
3.8 Binary Peritectic Alloy Systems
3.9 Phase Diagram with Intermediate Phases and Compounds
Problems

Chapter 4 Iron-Carbon Equilibrium Diagram
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Polymorphism and Allotropy
4.3 Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.1 Effect of Carbon on the Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.2 Solid Phases in the Fe-Fe3C Phase Diagram
4.3.3 Transformation Temperatures and Lines
4.4 Invariant Reactions in the Fe-Fe3 C Phase Diagram
4.5 Slow Cooling of Plain-carbon Steels
4.5.1 Eutectoid Plain-carbon Steel
4.5.2 Hypoeutectoid Plain-carbon Steels
4.5.3 Hypereutectoid Plain-carbon Steels
4.6 Cast Irons
4.6.1 General Properties
4.6.2 Types of Cast Irons
Problems

Chapter 5 Heat Treatment of Steels
5.1 Introduction
5.1.1 Heating Temperatures and Time
5.1.2 Cooling Rates
5.2 Critical Temperatures
5.3 Time-Temperature-Transformation (TTT Diagram)
5.4 Microstructures at Fast Cooling
5.4.1 Bainite
5.4.2 Martensite
5.5 General Purposes of Heat Treatment
5.6 Types of Heat Treatment
5.6.1 Annealing
5.6.2 Normalizing
5.6.3 Hardening and Tempering
5.7 Case Hardening
5.7.1 Atomic Diffusion in Solids
5.7.2 Case Hardening of Steel by Gas Carburizing
Problems

Chapter 6 Carbon and Alloy Steels
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.1 AIS!-SAE Classification System for Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.2 Chinese National Standard Classification System for Plain-carbon Steels
6.2.3 Characteristics and Applications of Plain-carbon Steels
6.3 Low-alloy Steels
6.3.1 Effect of Alloying Elements in Steels
6.3.2 Effects of Alloying Elements on the Critical Temperature of the Fe-Fe3 C Diagram
6.3.3 Classification of Low-alloy Steels
6.4 Tool Steels
6.4.1 Water-hardening Tool Steels (W-type)
6.4.2 Shock-resistant Tool Steels (S-type)
6.4.3 Cold-work (Oil-hardening) Tool Steels (O-type)
6.4.4 Cold-work (Medium-alloy, Air-hardening) Tool Steels (A-type)
6.4.5 Cold-work (high-carbon, high-chromium) Tool Steels (D-type)
6.4.6 Hot-work Tool Steels (H-type)
6.4.7 High-speed Tool Steels (T and M types)
6.5 Stainless Steels
6.5.1 Ferritie Stainless Steels
6.5.2 Martensitic Stainless Steels
6.5.3 Austenitie Stainless Steels
6.5.4 Duplex Stainless Steels
6.6 Chinese National Standard Classification System for Alloy Steels
6.6.1 Low Alloy High Strength Structural Steels
6.6.2 Alloy Carburizing Steels
6.6.3 Quenched & High Temperature Tempered Alloy Steels
6.6.4 Alloy Spring Steels
6.6.5 Gear Steels
6.6.6 Alloy Tool Steels
6.6.7 High Speed Tool Steels
6.6.8 Stainless Steels
Problems

Chapter 7 Nonferrous Metals and Its Alloys
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Aluminum and Its Alloys
7.2.1 Aluminum Alloy Temper and Designation System
7.2.2 Aluminum Alloys and Their Characteristics
7.2.3 Precipitation Strengthening of Aluminum Alloys
7.2.4 Precipitation Strengthening of an A1-4% Cu Alloy
7.2.5 Aluminum Casting Alloys
7.3 Copper and Its Alloys
7.3.1 Introduction
7.3.2 Copper Alloys
7.4 Titanium and Its Alloys
7.4.1 Introduction
7.4.2 Pure Titanium
7.4.3 Titanium Alloy Systems and Phase Diagrams
7.4.4 Classification of Titanium Alloys
7.5 Magnesium and Its Alloys
7.5.1 Introduction
7.5.2 Classification of Magnesium Alloys
7.5.3 Structure and Properties
Prohlems
References
APPENDIX Ⅰ Definitions
APPENDIX Ⅱ Conversion Factors to SI Units